AZRIKAM THE PRICE IS RIGHT HVAC HEATING AIR CONDITIONING / COMMERCAIL / RESIDENTAIL REFRIGERATION

Posted on May 15, 2018

Air conditioner gauges is chamber device that is design to control the flows of pressure or gases. It holds both compound and high pressure.

The AC manifold gauges set have the three chambers: the low pressure chamber (left side), utility chamber (middle), and the high pressure chamber (right side).

When technicians connect the HVAC manifold gauge to the air conditioner units, he connects the low pressure side of air conditioner unit to low pressure gauge side.

 If he wants to read the pressure in discharge line he connects the high pressure gauge hose to the air conditioner high pressure side.

 The utility port (the middle chamber) is a place where we connect the hose to vacuum pump, recovery units or the port to add or remove refrigerant from AC units.

 Air conditioning gauges is used to measure air conditioner units pressure within closed-system to evaluate or troubleshoot the central air units. Gauges manifold set is the most frequently used item when it comes to refrigerant or pressure. Wrigleyville, Chicago, ac hvac  rooftop units residentail and commercail heating and air conditioning free estimates professionals, service repair and installation Amana, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

Air conditioning gauge set allows the HVAC technician to check central air conditioning unit operating pressures, transfer Ac refrigerant, pressure test system, purge the system with nitrogen, and perform other necessary tasks.

 The gauges manifold set includes the hoses, the manifold, the valves, the compound gauge (low pressure gauges) and high pressure gauge.

 How does air conditioner gauges works

We’ll learn how air conditioning gauges work from two-valve gauges (like the AC gauge picture above) and from a R-22 manifold gauge set. Uptown, Chicago, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail heating and air conditioning free estimates specailists, service repair and installation American Standard, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

The way an air conditioner gauges work is by open and closing the hand valve. Yeah, I’m serious. That is simply!

 As we can see in AC gauge assembly above, it has needle and small port to the utility chamber from both high and low pressure chamber.

To open the low pressure hand valves, we have to turn it counterclockwise. What we’re opening is the low pressure port to the utility chamber and to close the low pressure port to the utility chamber we have to turn it clockwise. Edgewater, Chicago, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates maintenance, service repair and installation Ameristar, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

The way we open and close the high pressure hand valve is similar to compound gauge (low pressure gauge). We turn counterclockwise to open AC gauge and to close the gauge we turn clockwise.

 When we connect low pressure hoses to air conditioner low pressure side (suction line), we’ll automatically read the pressure in the low pressure gauges without opening anything. It does the same with the high pressure side.

If we need to read the pressure and temperature of close-system, we’ll just connected HVAC gauges to central air conditioner.

What are the types of air conditioning gauges manifold set?

 Standard two valve gauge manifold set

Standard four valve gauge manifold set

Notes: this air conditioning gauges set has the two gauges: the high side gauge and the low side gauges. To monitor the high side of the air conditioner units we have to connect the hose to high side ports and to monitor from the low side of central air conditioning units we have to connect the hose to low side ports.

The advantage a four-valve has over two-valve is it has the two extra valves. These two extra valve allows the technician to connect to refrigerant cylinder and vacuum pump without disconnect the service hose (utility hose).Deerfield, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates repairing,  service repair and installation NuTone, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

The four-valve ports are connected to:

Refrigerant cylinder

Low pressure

High pressure

Vacuum pump

VACUUM PUMPS

Lake View, Chicago, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates  technicians, service repair and installation Armstrong, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company, A vacuum pump is simply a pump that moves air into or out of something else. Sometimes it removes gas from an area, leaving a partial vacuum behind; other times a vacuum pump will remove water from one area to another, as a sump pump does in a basement. Vacuum pumps are used in an industrial setting to produce vacuum tubes and electric lamps, and to process semiconductors. They can also produce a vacuum that can then be used to power a piece of equipment. In aircrafts, for example, the gyroscopes located in some of the flight instruments are powered by a vacuum source in case of an electrical failure.

There are as many vacuum pumps as there are uses for them. Classification is a complicated and oftentimes varying process. However, it is possible to narrow the field down to two broad categories: transfer pumps and trapping, or entrapment, pumps. Entrapment pumps work by trapping molecules within a confined space. Examples are the cryopump, which traps liquified gas molecules in a cold trap, and the ion pump, which uses ionized gas that is magnetically confined. ion pump. Transfer pumps (also known as kinetic pumps) such as the turbomolecular pump use momentum to accelerate gas from the vacuum side to the exhaust side. Arlington Heights, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates installations, service repair and installation Trane, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

Another classification of vacuum pumps is the compressed-air vacuum pump versus the mechanical pump. Compressed-air pumps work off of BernouliÂ’s Principle, which relies on pressure differentials to creature a vacuum. The mechanical vacuum pumps usually have an electrical motor as a power source, but can alternatively rely on an internal combustion engine, anddraw air from a closed volume and release it to the atmosphere. The rotating-vane vacuum pump is the most popular of kind of mechanical pump. Individual rotors are placed around a shaft and spin at high velocities. Air is trapped and moved through the intake port and a vacuum is created behind it. Des Plaines, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates cooling service repair and installation AirEase, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

As technology advances so do the kinds of vacuum pumps which are available. Pumps which are created for use in one industry, such as “dry” vacuum pumps (created originally for the semiconductor industry) are modified for use in other areas. There seems to be no limit to what can be done with the vacuum pump. Lincoln Park, Chicago, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates serviceman, service repair and installation Bryant, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

refrigerant leak detector

According to Seymour, without a doubt, the most popular tool of choice for contractors to detect refrigerant leaks is the electronic leak detector. Seymour said that TIF leak detectors have improved over the years.

 According to Seymour, early models of the negative corona discharge detector had some problems when they were first introduced. Large doses of refrigerant could “poison” the detector and cause it to malfunction.

 The other type of electronic detector is the heated diode model. The technology heats the refrigerant and breaks the molecules apart, creating positively charged chlorine or fluorine ions. The heated diode detector will sense these ions and set off an alarm. 

Both the negative corona and heated diode detectors have been improved over the years to prevent them from being too sensitive to large refrigerant leaks. Gold Coast, Chicago, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates servicing, service repair and installation carrier, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

 In fact, TIF has made an improvement on leak detection with its ZX-1 Heated Pentode™ refrigerant detector. According to the company, the heated Pentode eliminates false alarms and detector poisoning. The product can be exposed to 100 percent refrigerant and still keep working.

 He explained that earlier models could detect other chemicals, which could interfere with the test. These would produce false results and indicate leaks where no leak exists.

 To avoid this problem, another method of electronic leak detector was developed — the ultrasonic type. Ultrasonic detectors do not sense refrigerant. The device is used to detect the high-pitched sound of   refrigerant escaping from the system. Morton Grove, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates  trouble shooting service repair and installation Concord, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

“The advantage of these devices is that they are not gas sensitive,” said Seymour. “They are useful for sensing pressure.”

 He noted that, as in the cases of the heated diode and the negative corona models, improvements in technology have eliminated many of the problems associated with ultrasonic detectors, but problems can still crop up. One of the biggest complications with an ultrasonic leak detector is the possibility of background interference. Some models, especially earlier versions, can pick up other inaudible sounds not associated with the refrigeration system and sound the alarm on the detector. Old Town, Chicago, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail heating and air conditioning free estimates trouble shooting service repair and installation Comfortmaker, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac company 

Clearly Seeing Leaks

To perform this method, a soapy solution is applied to points where a leak is suspected. If there is a leak, the solution will begin to bubble up due to escaping refrigerant.

 Seymour said that the bubble method can be used along with some modern technology. Park Ridge, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates air conditioning service repair and installation Goodman, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

 You can use an ultrasonic detector with a bubble solution,” he said.

 The motive behind this is to detect the inaudible crackling sound that will be made due to the refrigerant bursting the small bubbles in the solution.

A more updated method for clearly seeing refrigerant leaks is through the use of a fluorescent dye kit. A dye is injected into the refrigeration system and circulates through the refrigerant. The next step is to shine a UV light on the various parts of the system where a leak could occur. If there is a leak, the refrigerant dye will glow when detected under the UV light. Bucktown, Chicago, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates repairing, service repair and installation Concord, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

“With the UV light there are no false indications,” said Seymour. “If it shines, there is no question about it that there is a leak.”

 He added that dye kits are even beneficial in automotive refrigerant systems. According to Seymour, engine oils and vapors from a car engine could skew the readings from an electronic leak detector.

 First, Seymour said that UV lights only work on parts of the refrigeration system that are accessible. If part of the system is hidden from view, the lights cannot be used.

 Second, in some applications, dye kits cannot give instant results. According to Seymour, if the leak is very small, it could take time before the UV light can expose any seeping refrigerant.

 “The limitation on dyes is that you may have to wait a day or longer for the dye to be detected,” said Seymour. “This means having to make more than one trip to the jobsite.”Wheeling, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates heating and air conditioning free estimates  experts, service repair and installation Maytag, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company, 

He said the long wait is usually due to the size of the leak. Larger leaks will produce quicker results, but if the leaks are very small, it could take a great deal more time.

The intensity of the change in the flame will vary depending on the size of the leaks. One of the most obvious disadvantages to this method is the fact that the halide torch will only be affected by CFCs or HCFCs.

 Seymour said that halide torches are still effective, but many contractors do not like the idea of using an open flame near refrigerants. Logan Square, Chicago, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates fixing, service repair and installation Daikin, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company For those who do elect to use the halide torch, Seymour said there are a few things contractors should remember.

Environment and application will play a big role in the effectiveness of the instrument. Windy conditions will make it difficult for the flame to suck up the gas. Sunlight can also be a problem. If the leak is small, the flame could change to a subtle green color. If the outdoor light is too bright, it could drown out the changing color in the flame. Northbrook, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  replacements service repair and installation Frigidaire, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

Soft soldering is a useful process for joining metals of many types, particularly small intricate parts which might get deformed or damaged with higher temperature processes. The process described here uses a gas torch as the heat source. Morton Grove, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates  trouble shooting service repair and installation Concord, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company Soldering, brazing, and welding are all methods of joining two or more pieces of metal and selected other materials. They are also methods used to fill gaps in metal parts.

To achieve a sound brazed joint, the filler and parent materials should be metallurgically compatible, and the joint design should incorporate a gap into which the molten braze filler can be drawn or distributed by capillary action. The required joint gap is dependent on many factors, including base material and braze alloy composition, and brazing atmosphere.

Brazing is a commercially accepted process, used in a wide range of industries, due to its flexibility and the high integrity to which joints may be produced. This makes it reliable in critical and non-critical applications, and it is one of the most widely used joining methods.

Brazing joins two metals by heating and melting a filler (alloy) that bonds to the two pieces of metal and joins them. The filler obviously must have a melting temperature below that of the metal pieces. Brazing can join dissimilar metals such as aluminum, silver, copper, gold, and nickel. Flux is often used during brazing. It is a liquid that promotes wetting, which lets the filler flow over the metal parts to be joined. It also cleans the parts of oxides so that the filler bonds more tightly to the metal parts. In addition, fluxes are used in welding to clean the metal surfaces.

Properly brazed joints can be stronger than the pieces being joined, but are not as strong as welded joints. Brazing also has minimal effects on the two metal parts.

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Soldering is a low-temperature analog to brazing. By the American Welding Society’s definition, soldering takes place with fillers (also known as solders) that melt at below 840°F (450°C). Metals that can be soldered include gold, silver, copper, brass, and iron. The filler, called solder, melts. When it solidifies, it is bonded to the metal parts and joins them. The bond is not as strong as brazed joint or welded one. Solder was once made mainly of lead, but environmental concerns are pushing industry to lead-free alternatives.

Flux is used in soldering, just as it is in brazing and welding to clean the metal surfaces and make it easy for the solder to flow over the pieces to be joined.

Soldering is also used to join electrical components. The joint is not necessarily strong or structural, but electrically connects the parts with conductive solder.

A quick, deep vacuum comes down to correct installation

assembly, keeping moisture out and using the right tools.

 during installation of copper linesets result in

time lost during evacuation, potential refrigerant leaks,

poor oil return, system contamination and excess time

required for evacuation. A quick and deep evacuation simply

comes down to correct practices, including proper installation

and assembly; keeping out the moisture during fabrication;

and the right tools, hoses and gauges to measure the level of

When moisture (liquid) enters a system, the only way it

can be removed is in a vapor. When it comes to system evacuation

only small amounts of moisture are practical to remove

this way.

It is not practical to remove large amounts of water with

a vacuum pump, as boiling water produces large amounts of

water vapor. One pound of water (about 1 pint) produces

about 867 ft3

 of water vapor at 70°F.1

 To quote Dave Boyd,

Vice President of Education and Sales, Appion Inc., “Keep it

Tubing must be kept clean and dry through the entire

installation. Moisture, dirt and other contaminants can compromise

system operation and significantly increase the time

required for evacuation;

gValve cores should be removed with a vacuum-rated

core tool to allow nitrogen to be purged through the system

and to allow the system to be valved off whenever possible

Tubing benders should be used to minimize the number

of fittings and reduce internal restrictions. Fittings require

tube cutting, cleaning, deburring, assembly, brazing, nitrogen

purging and leak testing. The best thing to do is eliminate

fittings altogether. A good set of benders will pay for themselves

can cause erosion of the piping, decreased suction

gas velocity and poor oil return. Even a few fittings that are

not assembled properly can compromise the quality of the

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Nitrogen should be purged through the piping during

the installation and during brazing to avoid the introduction

of contaminates and moisture into the piping and also

calibrated flow meter to avoid using excess nitrogen. Sweeping

the system with nitrogen during installation will significantly

decrease evacuation times; and

gInstall a filter-drier to remove trace moisture after evacuation.

Small amounts of moisture can be trapped under

This can lead to hydrolysis—decomposition of a compound

by reaction with water. POE oils decompose into partial

esters, organic acid, and alcohol in the presence of water,

which will attack the system components. Installing the drier

and sight glass inside near the metering device will better

protect the metering device, assure visually that 100% liquid

is present, and prevent the drier from rusting prematurely

from exposure to the elements.

Purging

After the lines and the various components have been installed,

it is necessary to make sure that there is flow through the entire system by purging with a dry gas, such as dry

nitrogen, from the liquid side to the suction side to the

suction line of the system. Purging will not only carry out

small drops of water (if present) but it will also pick up

some of the system moisture. Wicker Park, Chicago, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates  furnace service repair and installation Lennox, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

Pressure test with a dry gas

A standing pressure test is used to check for leaks by using

a dry gas, such as dry nitrogen. Technicians never

hope to find leaks while in a vacuum, but it happens.

When air leaks in, moisture comes along for the ride,

which can take hours to remove if the amount is excessive.

A temperature-compensated pressure test with a

digital manifold will make the process fast and efficient.

When using a digital manifold with high-resolution pressure

sensors, leaks will also be apparent. If installing a

typical residential system, the test can be performed and

verified in about 15 minutes. Performing this test will

again pick up some additional moisture that will not have

to be removed during the evacuation process. When releasing

this high-pressure gas, do not relieve the pressure

all the way to atmospheric. Take it down to about 1 psig

so air cannot get back into the system.  Ravenswood, Chicago, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates  cooling service repair and installation luxaire, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

 Test the vacuum pump

Attach the micron gauge directly to the vacuum pump

via the 1/4-in. connection and verify that the pump is capable

of achieving a vacuum level of 100 microns or less.

A good quality pump will easily achieve levels at or below

20 microns. Pump blank offs are notorious for leaking,

so do not depend upon one for isolating the vacuum

to minimize the chance of gas permeation through the

hoses. Remember, even the best vacuum-rated hoses will

leak, which is why isolation is a necessity. If the pump

cannot achieve 100 microns or less, change the oil to a

high-quality, low-vapor-pressure oil. Many times several

oil changes are required to remove significant amounts of

water from a wet pump. Compared to system breakdown,

oil is inexpensive, so change it often. If the pump still

will not achieve a deep vacuum, it may be time for replacement

or service.

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A/C and refrigeration systems are designed to operate with

only oil and refrigerant flowing through them. When a

typical system is installed and/or serviced, air and moisture

enter the system. Oxygen, nitrogen and moisture are

all detrimental to system operation. Removal of the air and other non-condensibles is called “degassing,” and removal

of the moisture is called “dehydration.” Removal of both is

Assuming the valve cores are removed, connect large-diameter

vacuum-rated hoses to the back of the core tools (do

not use the side ports of the core tool for evacuation) at both

the high and low side of the system so that both sides can be

pulled down simultaneously. While at first it may seem counter

intuitive to use large diameter hoses, the value will rapidly

become apparent after starting the evacuation. 1/2-in. hoses

will decrease the time required for evacuation by a factor of

16 times over the typical 1/4-in. hoses used by most of the

industry. Larger hoses reduce friction and therefore increase

so small it should never be used for evacuation.2

Connect the hoses directly to the vacuum pump with a

manifolds that are not equipped with O-ring seals, as packing

often holds under pressure but leaks in a vacuum. Keep

connections to a minimum and points of access to the maximum.

In other words, connect to as many places as you can

on the system but eliminate unneeded hoses or fittings. If

only two points of access are available, connect directly to

the vacuum pump, eliminating the need for a manifold.

Install a high-quality vacuum gauge directly to the coretool

side port with a copper line or brass connector to the

core tool installed on the suction line. This will allow the

evacuation rig (hoses and fittings) to be completely isolated

from the system during the “standing pressure tests” where

Start with fresh, dry vacuum-pump oil. Vacuum-pump oil

is extremely hygroscopic (moisture absorbing) so starting fresh will make things go faster. If the pump is equipped

with a gas ballast, open it until a level of 10,000 microns

is reached. Within narrow limits, the purpose of the vacuum

ballast is to prevent water vapor from condensing in the

pump during the discharge stroke of action. Generally speaking,

it is better and faster to change the oil rather than to

wait for the gas ballast to remove excess moisture from the

oil during pump operation. Moisture destroys vacuum-pump

oil by increasing its vapor pressure, so much that a high level

of vacuum cannot be created. The pump cannot develop a

higher vacuum then the vapor pressure of its sealant. If in

 fresh will make things go faster. If the pump is equipped

with a gas ballast, open it until a level of 10,000 microns

is reached. Within narrow limits, the purpose of the vacuum

ballast is to prevent water vapor from condensing in the

pump during the discharge stroke of action. Generally speaking,

it is better and faster to change the oil rather than to

wait for the gas ballast to remove excess moisture from the

oil during pump operation. Moisture destroys vacuum-pump

oil by increasing its vapor pressure, so much that a high level

of vacuum cannot be created. The pump cannot develop a

higher vacuum then the vapor pressure of its sealant. If in

doubt, change it out.

First standing test

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until a level of 1,000 microns is

reached (if using large-diameter hoses

and core tools, evacuation of the lineset

and evaporator coil will take less

than 15 minutes for a typical residential

system of up to 5 tons). Isolate the

vacuum with the core tools allowing

the pump to continue to run and record

the leak rate (after about a five

minute stabilization period) indicated

Leak rate is simply derived from a drop

in vacuum over a unit of time, typically

displayed in microns per second.

A rise in the pressure after a short stabilization

period indicates there is still

moisture in the system or the presence

of a small system leak. Use a

brass connector between the micron

gauge and the access fitting to prevent

leaks. Hoses are all gas permeable and

will indicate leakage under a standingpressure test.

Open the core tools and allow the system to

continue the evacuation process until

the vacuum level is 500 microns

or less. Then repeat the “first standing

test” to determine if there is a decrease

in leak rate after the stabilization

of the vacuum. If there is no leak

in the system, the second leak rate

should be considerably less then the

first, indicating progress in the job of

dehydration.

If the leak rate has not decreased, two

things may be happening: the system is

still contaminated with moisture (possibly

trapped under the compressor oil);

or the system has a small leak that was

not detected by the initial high-pressure

test (some leaks are more apparent

under vacuum than pressure). Forest Glen, Chicago, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates serviceman, service repair and installation Trane, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

A high-quality, high-resolution vacuum

gauge can indicate a leak much

faster than a pressure gauge due to the

sensitivity of the instrument. While the micron gauge is quite capable, testing

for a leak in a vacuum is not acceptable

practice over a standing pressure

test, as moisture is drawn into the

system during the evacuation process.

If a leak is found under vacuum, break

the vacuum with dry nitrogen and try

to find it under a pressure. DO NOT

open the system to atmosphere under

a vacuum. Doing so undermines all

the time and effort up to this point. Hollywood Park, Chicago, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates  servicing, service repair and installation Weather King, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company,

If the system has a leak, the vacuum

gauge will continue to rise until

atmospheric pressure has been

reached. However, if the system is

vacuum-tight but still contains moisture,

the rise will level off when the

vapor pressure equalizes in the system

(typically between 20,000 and 25,000

microns between 72°F and 80°F). At

that point, the vacuum reading will

become stable. (Note: A system that

continues to level off at 3,500–4,500

microns may have turned system moisture

to ice. Should this occur, the system

temperature may have to be raised by an

If the system indicates moisture, a

multiple evacuation with a nitrogen

sweep will significantly reduce the

amount of moisture in the system. To

perform this procedure, reduce the

system pressure to between 1,000 and

2,500 microns. Isolate the vacuum

pump with the core tools and disconnect

the vacuum hose from the low

side of the system. Break the system

vacuum with nitrogen introduced at

the side port of the core tool. Break

the vacuum with nitrogen to the equivalent

of atmospheric pressure (760,000

microns) then purge nitrogen through

the system at 1–3 psig from the high

pressurize the system, as this will not

remove moisture. There is no need to

pressurize the system unless performing

a leak check. Increasing the system pressure will actually cause the water

to drop out of the nitrogen similar to that of compressed

air in an air compressor. Nitrogen does not absorb water, but

entrains it and helps it move along out of the system, allowing

the liquid water to warm, evaporate and increase the

water-vapor pressure without introducing additional moisture

into the system. If the system is drying out, deeper levels of

vacuum are quickly achieved indicating progress in the job

of dehydration. If desired or required, repeat this process until

the moisture is removed. Typically no more than a triple

evacuation with sweep should be required. If marked progress

is not achieved during this process, repeat the nitrogen

purge to remove liquid moisture that may exist. If a leak is

indicated, it must be repaired before the evacuation can be

vacuum pump oil. Oil that is milky contains moisture and

will not allow a finishing vacuum to be achieved due to the

increase of vapor pressure and loss of sealing caused by the

moisture in the oil. If the oil is wet, change it with clean, dry

oil. If in doubt, change it out.

Verify the vacuum pump can achieve low levels of vacuum

prior to evacuation. A pump that will not achieve below 100

microns is in need of service; a good pump will achieve 20

microns or less.

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run until the system is preferably below 200 microns. (With a

good pump 50–100 microns is easily achievable.) Isolate the

vacuum rig with the core tools and allow the system to stand

for 15–30 minutes. If the micron level does not rise above

500 microns, the evacuation is complete. If the pressure rises

above 500, open the core tools again and allow the evacuation

to continue. Experience and a high-resolution micron

keep the pump isolated and open (crack) the liquid-line

service, letting a small amount of refrigerant into the

system. When the vacuum gauge indicates “high pressure” of

above 760,000 microns, reinstall the valve cores and remove

the vacuum gauge and core tools. (Note: Refrigerant may

make the vacuum sensor act as if under a vacuum or erratic after

will affect the calibration.) After the core tools have been removed,

completely open the liquid line first, then the suction

line to prevent migration of the refrigerant oil. (Follow the

manufacturer’s recommendations if different.)

If servicing an existing installation, break the vacuum

with the required system refrigerant prior to removing the

core tools, then continue the commissioning procedure as required

by the manufacturer.

After evacuating the system, purge the hoses of your

manifold with virgin refrigerant to avoid the introduction of

moisture or atmosphere into the system.

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The components of a specific piece of air conditioning or refrigeration equipment have been

engineered specifically around the properties of the refrigerant used. When replacement of that

refrigerant becomes necessary for technical, regulatory, or economic reasons, the replacement

refrigerant should have as many properties similar to the original refrigerant as possible. This will

minimize hardware changes, controls adjustments, or other time consuming operations such as

Since the late 1980s, the development of blends has focused on matching the properties of the

original refrigerant in order to offer some advantage over the competing blends. Early R-12 blends

focused on evaporator performance in refrigeration systems; however, it became clear that more

R-12 was sold for use in automotive air conditioning rather than in refrigeration. Since these

systems experience higher condenser temperatures, a second wave of blends came into the

HFC components with R-22. While this approach was very effective at reducing R-502 use during

the transition away from CFCs in the mid 1990’s, it now leaves equipment owners with the challenge

of replacing the HCFC-based blends again.

As early as 1992, manufacturers and suppliers of R-22 based air conditioning equipment were

looking for alternatives. While the focus was mainly on replacing R-22 for newly built equipment,

several retrofit blends were also identified in the process.

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Today

2010 begins the first year of restriction on the use of R-22 in new equipment. Although R-22 will

still be available for servicing, available quantities will be more and more limited and the need for

retrofitting will increase. Some market applications, such as residential and commercial air conditioning,

have not had to deal with the product restrictions that have occurred over the last 15 years.

They will now see many new products that behave dramatically different than R-22. 

CHARGING A REFRIGERATION SYSTEM, Edison Park, Chicago, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates furnace service repair and installation carrier, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

REFRIGERANT CHARGING PROCEDURE - CONTENTS: Refrigerant charging procedures for air conditioners, heat pumps, refrigeration equipment using a test gauge set and charging cylinder or scale. Procedure for evacuating or "pulling a vacuum" on air conditioners & heat pumps or refrigeration equipment, Procedure for Charging the HVAC System or Appliance with Refrigerant Using a Gauge Set, Current refrigeration service standards including charging precision and refrigerant recovery, Procedure for filling & using a refrigerant charging cylinder, Robinair® example. Procedure for using a vaporizing connector for low-side refrigerant charging, Kwik-Charge™ example & Using a refrigerant line sight glass or listening for refrigerant line gurgling to indicate charge level

Franklin Park,  Illinois ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates  cooling service repair and installation Comfortmaker, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company, Evacuating The Refrigeration System Before Charging

As we've explained, charging an empty system will require evacuating it first. For a typical household equipment this takes about 15 minutes but for a larger commercial refrigeration system this process can take an hour.

On residential equipment we always leave our evacuator pump running for at least 1/2 hour to be sure we've evacuated as much moisture and contaminants as possible.

 On commercial systems being installed or having major service it would be preferable to leave the evacuator pump running for 12 hours - the longer you evacuate the system the cleaner it will be. That's because as the system warms up moisture in the system will vaporize further and thus be removed. Forest Glen, Chicago, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates serviceman, service repair and installation Trane, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

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Low side charging is also referred to as vapor charging - that is we allow ONLY refrigerant vapor or gas to enter the system.

This is an easy but time consuming method of system charging. The canister supplying refrigerant is connected to the gauge service port and opened, and the HVAC equipment or appliance is run (which pumps refrigerant gas from the supply source in parallel with pumping from the outlet of the evaporator coil).  O'Hare, Chicago, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates heating and air conditioning free estimates  experts, service repair and installation Concord, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

The refrigerant canister is kept upright so that only gas leaves the canister.

A step by step example of low-side charging of refrigerant on an older R22 system can be seen

at SPLIT SYSTEM AC / HEAT PUMP REPAIRS

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 When charging an air conditioner, heat pump, or refrigeration appliance from the high side, the system being serviced is turned OFF. The refrigerant gas canister is placed upside down so that only pure liquid refrigerant leaves the canister.

 Note that once you start the system running you will not be able to charge on the high side because the head pressure out of the compressor will be higher than the evaporation pressure in the canister - it would push refrigerant back into the canister.

With critically-charged HVAC or appliance refrigeration systems, such as a household refrigerator or air conditioner, you must measure the refrigerant entering the system. Typically the technician uses a scale that registers in ounces to measure a weighed charge, though we also used other devices such as a charging cylinder that actually shows the volume of liquid refrigerant in the cylinder on a temperature-compensating scale. 

Addison, Illinois ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates  professionals,  service repair and installation Frazier Johnstone, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company, A charging board (or charging cylinder just mentioned) that is connected to the high side can accurately measure the liquid refrigerant charge going into the system. In this case the charging board (Dial-a-Charge charging cylinder produced by Robinaire, Montpelier OH) is loaded with the proper refrigerant charge from the gas cylinder, and the outlet from the charging board is then connected into the high side (perhaps through the gauge service port).

A Vaporizing Connector is an accessory you can add to a charging cylinder or charging board. The refrigerant vaporizing connector (such as Imperial's Kwik-Charge, assures that liquid refrigerant passing through the device will convert to gas as it exits the device. This will let you add a measured refrigerant charge to the low side of the system while still making an accurate measurement of the refrigerant measured in ounces. 

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Liquid refrigerant charging is always faster than low side vapor charging. On the low side you have to charge, then wait for the system pressures to balance, then reexamine the frost line etc.

An alternative to measuring the refrigerant charge when charging air conditioners or heat pumps

Itasca, Illinois ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates maintenance, service repair and installation Gibson, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company, As an alternative to making refrigerant measurements by weight or temperature-corrected volume using a scale or charging cylinder, some HVAC service technicians may adjust the refrigerant charge by watching the low side pressure and the exact location of the frost line at the evaporator coil (blower fan not running).

Watch out: do not overcharge or extend the frost line to the compressor or you risk sending liquid refrigerant into the compressor motor - assuring its damage or destruction.

Wood Dale, Illinois ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates repairman service repair and installation Goodman, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company, Guessing at Refrigerant Charge Level by Watching the Sight Glass or Listening for Refrigerant Gurgling

On small refrigeration systems such as a home refrigerator or window air conditioner the refrigerant charge needs to be accurately measured or the system will not work properly. But on larger HVACR systems and on commercial units that use a liquid refrigerant receiver (a sort of buffer that stores extra liquid refrigerant), you might find a sight glass on the refrigerant piping downstream from the condensing coil.

Some techs add refrigerant while watching that sight glass, adding refrigerant until the gas bubbles just stop. If you see bubbles there either the system is badly contaminated or more likely the refrigerant charge is short. We warned just above - don't overcharge the system - you can damage the equipment. Chicago , IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates servicing, service repair and installation luxaire, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

Technical Note: if you see bubbles in the sight glass, or if you hear gurgling in the refrigerant lines indeed those can be indicators that the refrigerant charge in the system is low. Arlington Heights ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates technicians, service repair and installation Heil, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

Pulling a vacuum to evacuate refrigeration systems

Note that a reading of "zero" on these pressure gauges is not really zero, it's 14 psi or 1 atmosphere.

Also if you look closely at your gauges you 'll see that one permits pressure readings in the "negative" direction - used when pulling a vacuum on the system using an evacuator pump - a step necessary before charging a system that has been opened for service or repair.

To remove all moisture or refrigerant from an air conditioner, heat pump, refrigerator, or other refrigeration equipment your evacuator pump needs therefore to pump past "zero" on the gauge (14 psi) to absolute zero or 29.9" Hg vacuum.

The evacuator pump is attached to the center port or "service port" on the gauge set.

How traditional Charging Cylinder Worked to Put a Measured Refrigerant Charge into Refrigeration Equipment, Buffalo Grove, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates serviceman,service repair and installation Lennox, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

While the new refrigeration system testing and charging equipment described above is fully automatic, to understand the problems that the newer equipment has to solve (and automate), it is useful to review how, traditionally, we inserted a precisely measured refrigerant charge into air conditioners and other refrigeration equipment.

We used the Robinair® Dial-a-Charge® charging cylinder for many years as a way to install an accurate charge of refrigerant into air conditioners, heat pumps, and refrigerators and freezers undergoing service or repair. As an aid to service technicians who may have lost their instruction sheet we include and comment on the charging cylinder instructions here, using the Robinaire® Dial-a-Charge charging cylinder system as an example. Chicago , IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates servicing, service repair and installation luxaire, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

Robinair offered the following explanation of charging cylinder use along with our 1980's vintage equipment.With an increase in temperature in any cylinder filled with refrigerant, there is a corresponding increase in pressure and a change in the volume of liquid refrigerant in the cylinder. To measure out an accurate charge by weight from a cylinder using the liquid level in a sight glass as a point of measurement, it is absolutely necessary to compensate for liquid volume variations caused by temperature variations. These temperature variations are directly related to pressure variations and accurate measurements by weight can be calibrated in relation to pressure. Des Plaines, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates trouble shooting service repair and installation Maytag, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

The Dial-a-Charge Charging Cylinder is designed to meter out a desired amount of a specific refrigerant by weight. Compensation for temperature variations is accomplished by reading the pressure on the gauge of the cylinder and dialing the plastic shroud, with the calibrated chart, to the corresponding pressure reading for the refrigerant being used.

When charging a refrigeration or air-conditioning system with refrigerant, often the pressure in the system reaches a point where it is equal to the pressure in the [charging] cylinder from which the system is being charged. In order to get more refrigerant into the system to complete the charge, heat must be applied to the cylinder. Deerfield, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates repairing,  service repair and installation NuTone, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

Robinair's Heated Dial-a-Charge Charging Cylinder eliminates the problem caused by equalization of pressure between the cylinder and the system being charged. The [Robinaire] charging cylinder has a heating element installed in the base of the cylinder.

The male plug of the heating element can be plugged into any 110-115 volt AC outlet. [Note that if you want to charge the system on the low side using vapor only, you can safely do so using a refrigerant vaporizer attachment instead of heat to assure that no liquid goes where it's not wanted.]

 Due to the variety of 220V. receptacles throughout the world, a male plug must be field-added to the 220V heating element in order to fit the particular style in your area [outside the U.S., Canada, Mexico]. Either voltage heating element will work on 50 or 60 Hz power. 

The heating element is of the correct wattage to increase [refrigerant] pressure sufficiently in a relatively short time, to a level that is above the equalization pressure between the cylinder and the system [being charged]. The higher the pressure in the cylinder, the less time it takes to force the refrigerant into the system.

The heating element should be turned off before the pressure is above the highest pressure on the Dial-a-Charge® shroud of the refrigerant being used. EXAMPLE: Refrigerant R22 is being used - the pressure at no time should exceed 230 psi.

 The Robinair Dial-a-Charge® has a relief valve, for added protection, set to relieve the refrigerant at approximately 320 psi.- [1]

Procedure for Filling & Using a Refrigerant Charging Cylinder - Using the Refrigerant Line Sight Glass, Evanston  IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates cleaning service repair and installation Rheem, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

Connect the charging hose from valve at bottom of charging cylinder to valve on refrigerant supply tank. Invert refrigerant tank so the valve is down. In this position, liquid refrigerant will flow from the tank [into the charging cylinder when the valves are opened].

Watch out: be sure to follow proper refrigeration gauge set connection procedures, including purging air out of any empty refrigerant gauge hoses before connecting them to the HVACR system. Otherwise you may inject air or debris into the system. Glencoe, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates checking, service repair and installation Tappan, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

Open the bottom valve on the charging cylinder and the valve on the refrigerant tank. When the liquid refrigerant appears in the sight glass, observe the pressure on the gauge at the top of the cylinder. Dial the plastic shroud to column where its pressure heading for the refrigerant being used corresponds with the gauge pressure and is in line with the sight glass.

EXAMPLE: if the pressure on the gauge at the top of the [charging] cylinder reads 70 psi, find the column with the pressure heading of "70" and line this column up with the sight glass.

NOTE: On models which are calibrated for various types of refrigerants, be certain that the pressure heading corresponds to the refrigerant being used. Located at the bottom of the plastic shroud are the listings of types of refrigerant. Glenview, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates replacements service repair and installation Tempstar, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

When the pressure in the cylinder equalizes with the pressure in the tank [of refrigerant], th refrigerant will stop rising in the sight glass. At this point, intermittently, open the valve at the top of the cylinder to relieve head pressure. This will allow refrigerant to continue filling the cylinder.

When refrigerant reaches the desired level in the sight glass [ this is the precise measured refrigerant quantity with which you want to charge the system], close the valve on the refrigerant tank and then the valve on the charging cylinder. Be certain that the valve at the top of the cylinder is fully closed. 

Connect the heating element to the proper voltage source to allow the refrigerant to heat and build up pressure. This pressure build-up will allow the pressure of the cylinder to be higher than that of the [refrigeration] system [being charged] and force the refrigerant into the system. [Note that when charging a refrigeration system on the low side it will be easier to insert the refrigerant charge because you're not fighting head pressure]. Arlington Heights, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates installations, service repair and installation Trane, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

Re-dial the plastic shroud to match the [charging cylinder] gauge pressure whenever a pressure change occurs.

As we introduced above at Measuring the Refrigerant Charge, a vaporizing connector is an accessory connected to the refrigerant canister, refrigerant gauge set, to a charging cylinder or charging board to provide a safe, fast way of low-side refrigerant charging without any risk of slugging the air conditioning compressor with liquid refrigerant - an event likely to damage the compressor. Chicago, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates  heating service repair and installation Westinghouse, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

Buffalo Grove ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates air conditioning service repair and installation Weather King,azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company , The refrigerant vaporizing connector (such as Imperial's Kwik-Charge illustrated here), converts liquid refrigerant to a gas as the refrigerant flows through the vaporizing device, thus making sure that liquid refrigerant passing through the device will convert to gas as it exits the device. This will let you add a measured refrigerant charge to the low side of the system while still making an accurate measurement of the refrigerant measured in ounces. 

If we are charging a refrigeration system from its low-pressure side we ONLY want to send a gas or vapour into the system. That's because sending liquid refrigerant into the suction side of a compressor motor is likely to destroy the motor in seconds - liquids are not very compressible and motor parts or valves are likely to be damaged in most motor designs.

Some refrigerant charging systems including one that I used metered the liquid refrigerant into a charging cylinder so that we can see the precise charge volume to be introduced - a measured refrigerant charge - into the refrigeration system. The charging cylinder uses tables and scales for different refrigerants at different temperatures so that we can make a very accurate refrigerant charge. This is critical for cooling or heat pump systems that do not use a receiver and that must be charged with exactly the refrigerant volume specified by the manufacturer.

In this case we add a vaporizing device like the Kwik Charge - described here - on the outlet of the charging cylinder that converts liquid refrigerant into gas as it exits the charging cylinder and before it enters the HVAC equipment on the low side, thus guaranteeing that we don't damage anything. Des Plaines, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates cooling service repair and installation AirEase, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

Absolute pressure

 is zero-referenced against a perfect vacuum, so it is equal to gauge pressure plus atmospheric pressure. Gauge pressure is zero-referenced against ambient air pressure, so it is equal to absolute pressure minus atmospheric pressure. Negative signs are usually omitted.

absolute zero temperature

At the physically impossible-to-reach temperature of zero kelvin, or minus 459.67 degrees Fahrenheit (minus 273.15 degrees Celsius), atoms would stop moving. As such, nothing can be colder than absolute zero on the Kelvin scale

A COIL, Elk Grove, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates experts, service repair and installation Amana, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

The coil, also known as an evaporator coil or an indoor coil, is the unsung hero of any home heating or cooling system. Its job, heat transfer, is one of the most important factors in achieving heating and cooling efficiencies that keep your home comfortable all year long.

ACCUMULATOR

What is a suction accumulator

To protect against floodbacks on systems vulnerable to liquid refrigerant damage such as heat pumps, the accumulator’s function is to intercept the liquid refrigerant before it can reach the compressor. When a coil defrost is required, the compressor is exposed to sudden surges of liquid that can create extreme stresses in the system. The accumulator can act as a receiver during the heating and defrost cycles when system imbalance or an overcharge from field service could result in excessive liquid refrigerant in the system. Glenview, IL  ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates maintenance, service repair and installation Arcoaire,azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

The accumulator can store the refrigerant until needed and feed it back to the compressor at an acceptable rate. Major movements of refrigerant take place at the initiation and termination of a defrost cycle, and while it is not necessary or even desirable to stop this movement, it is essential that the rate at which the liquid refrigerant is fed back to the compressor be controlled. Along with this proper metering, the accumulator can effectively maintain the crankcase or bottom shell temperature at acceptable limits. A properly designed suction accumulator can provided excellent protection against both potential hazards.Harwood Heights, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates repairman service repair and installation Armstrong, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

ACID CONTAMINATION SYSTEM

From time to time, refrigeration and air conditioning systems suffer failures that result in contamination. The most common such failure is a compressor burnout. During such an event, the refrigeration system becomes contaminated with large quantities of disintegrating particulate, sludge, acids, carbon residues, and possibly moisture. All of these contaminants must be removed before the system is returned to duty. Highland Park, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates technicians, service repair and installation Bryant, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company ,In earlier years, these systems were flushed with the popular CFC-based solvent R-11. Non-flammable, plastic-safe, and with a very low boiling point, this material was favored because it was safe to use, cleaned efficiently, and was easily removed from the system. 

Unfortunately, R-11 was a major ozone depleter and was gradually phased out of production. Since that time, many companies have attempted to market alternative flushing agents based on terpene, hydrocarbon cleaners, acid flushes, and oil additives.

Among products on the market today that have been found to be effective is Rx11-flush™.

Whichever product you choose, it is necessary to flush the contaminated system.

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An active sensor is a sensing device that requires an external source of power to operate; active sensors contrast with passive sensors, which simply detect and respond to some type of input from the physical environment.

 what is a air acetylene

When to us Air Acetylene or Oxy Acetylene. In brazing or soldering applications, the question is; what is the best, most efficient and economical way to get the job done. The 2 best ways are Air Acetylene and Oxy Acetylene.

 what is a air conditioner, Lincolnwood, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates servicing, service repair and installation Comfortmaker, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

In common use, an air conditioner is a device that removes heat from the air inside a building or vehicle, thus lowering the air temperature. The cooling is typically achieved through a refrigeration cycle, but sometimes evaporation or free cooling is used. Air conditioning systems can also be made based on desiccants.

 what is a ahri

 The Air-Conditioning, Heating, and Refrigeration Institute (AHRI) is the trade association representing manufacturers of air conditioning, heating and commercial refrigeration equipment.

A surface condenser is an example of such a heat-exchange system. It is a shell and tube heat exchanger installed at the outlet of every steam turbine in thermal power stations. Commonly, the cooling water flows through the tube side and the steam enters the shell side where the condensation occurs on the outside of the heat transfer tubes. The condensate drips down and collects at the bottom, often in a built-in pan called a hotwell. The shell side often operates at a vacuum or partial vacuum, often produced by attached air ejectors. Conversely, the vapor can be fed through the tubes with the coolant water or air flowing around the outside. Mount Prospect, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates  repairing, service repair and installation Daikin, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

In chemistry, a condenser is the apparatus which cools hot vapors, causing them to condense into a liquid. See "Condenser (laboratory)" for laboratory-scale condensers, as opposed to industrial-scale condensers. Examples include the Liebig condenser, Graham condenser, and Allihn condenser. This is not to be confused with a condensation reaction which links two fragments into a single molecule by an addition reaction and an elimination reaction. Niles, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates fixing, cleaning service repair and installation day and night, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

In laboratory distillation, reflux, and rotary evaporators, several types of condensers are commonly used. The Liebig condenser is simply a straight tube within a cooling water jacket, and is the simplest (and relatively least expensive) form of condenser. The Graham condenser is a spiral tube within a water jacket, and the Allihn condenser has a series of large and small constrictions on the inside tube, each increasing the surface area upon which the vapor constituents may condense. Being more complex shapes to manufacture, these latter types are also more expensive to purchase. These three types of condensers are laboratory glassware items since they are typically made of glass. Commercially available condensers usually are fitted with ground glass joints and come in standard lengths of 100, 200, and 400 mm. Air-cooled condensers are unjacketed, while water-cooled condensers contain a jacket for the water. Norridge, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates checking, service repair and installation Fraser Johnstone, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

Larger condensers are also used in industrial-scale distillation processes to cool distilled vapor into liquid distillate. Commonly, the coolant flows through the tube side and distilled vapor through the shell side with distillate collecting at or flowing out the bottom. Northbrook, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  replacements service repair and installation Frigidaire, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company, Palatine, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates installations, service repair and installation Gibson, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

Direct contact condenser

In this type of condenser, vapors are poured into the liquid directly. The vapors lose their latent heat of vaporization; hence, vapors transfer their heat into liquid and the liquid becomes hot. In this type of condensation, the vapor and liquid are of same type of substance. In another type of direct contact condenser, cold water is sprayed into the vapour to be condensed. 

In the world of Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC), condensers happen to be a topic of great importance. Instead of confusing information, the goal is to provide some basic information on the different types of condensers and their applications. Rolling Meadows, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates  furnace service repair and installation Lennox,azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company 

There are three other condensers used in HVAC systems

Water-cooled

Air-cooled

Evaporative

Applications:

Skokie, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates  cooling service repair and installation luxaire, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company, Air cooled – If the condenser is located on the outside of the unit, the air cooled condenser can provide the easiest arrangement. These types of condensers eject heat to the outdoors and are simple to install.

   Most common uses for this condenser are domestic refrigerators, upright freezers and in residential packaged air conditioning units. A great feature of the air cooled condenser is they are very easy to clean. Since dirt can cause serious issues with the condensers performance, it is highly recommended that these be kept clear of dirt.

Water cooled – Although a little more pricey to install, these condensers are the more efficient type. Commonly used for swimming pools and condensers piped for city water flow, these condensers require regular service and maintenance. Wheeling, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates heating and air conditioning free estimates  experts, service repair and installation Maytag, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

    They also require a cooling tower to conserve water. To prevent corrosion and the forming of algae, water cooled condensers require a constant supply of makeup water along with water treatment.

Depending on the application you can choose from tube in tube, shell and coil or shell and tube condensers. All are essentially made to produce the same outcome, but each in a different way.

Evaporative – While these remain the least popular choice, evaporative condensers can be used inside or outside of a building and under typical conditions, operate at a low condensing temperature.

    Typically these are used in large commercial air-conditioning units. Although effective, they are not necessarily the most efficient. Wilmette, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates  professionals, service repair and installation Payne, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

Prior to beginning your install, make sure you choose a condenser that will provide you with the most efficient use.

What Is an Air Handler Winnetka, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates  specailists, service repair and installation Trane, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

An air handler is usually a large metal box containing a blower, heating or cooling elements, filter racks or chambers, sound attenuators, and dampers. Air handlers usually connect to a ductwork ventilation system that distributes the conditioned air through the building and returns it to the AHU.

Air handlers, coil, split systems, oh my! There are so many components that go into a heating and cooling unit that it can oftentimes become confusing. Each component plays a vital role in making sure that your home is a premium comfort levels. Your air handler is a part of this crucial network of components.

So, What Does It Do Northfield, IL  ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail heating and air conditioning free estimates experts, service repair and installation AirEase, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

At its core, an air handler does just what it sounds like it would do - it handles the air involved in your heating and cooling system. It is the indoor component of a split-system air conditioner or heat pump. Your air handler contains the evaporator coil, blower and many of the components of your ventilation system as well. The evaporator coil removes the heat from the air which is then blown through the series of ducts in your home, which are attached to your air handler.

But Wait, Isn't This an Electric Furnace Wrigleyville, Chicago, ac hvac  rooftop units residentail and commercail heating and air conditioning free estimates professionals, service repair and installation Amana, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

Because your air handler will often contain heat strips that provide additional heating power, it is sometimes mistakenly referred to as an 'electric furnace.' However, there are different HVAC systems that function as true electric furnaces that work in different ways than an air handler. The heat strips in your air handler are there to provide sufficient heat when it gets a little colder outside but not cold enough to warrant having a furnace.

Picking the right heating equipment for your home is as easy as figuring out what type of temperatures your area experiences.

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If you live in a climate like Florida, a split-system air conditioner that contains the outdoor condensing unit and indoor air handler can supply the powerful cooling power you need.

Cooler Temperatures ,Residents of the South who do see some cooler temperatures can install a heat pump and air handler to address all of their heating and cooling needs.

Frigid Temperatures ,If you live somewhere in the North, like Minnesota, you will want to invest in a high-efficiency gas furnace to heat your home in the winter.

 Air heat exchanger Rogers Park, Chicago, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates repairman service repair and installation Arcoaire, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

A heat exchanger is a device used to transfer heat between one or more fluids. The fluids may be separated by a solid wall to prevent mixing or they may be in direct contact.[1] They are widely used in space heating, refrigeration, air conditioning, power stations, chemical plants, petrochemical plants, petroleum refineries, natural-gas processing, and sewage treatment. The classic example of a heat exchanger is found in an internal combustion engine in which a circulating fluid known as engine coolant flows through radiator coils and air flows past the coils, which cools the coolant and heats the incoming air.

Lake View, Chicago, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates  technicians, service repair and installation Armstrong, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company, Heat recovery ventilation (HRV), also known as mechanical ventilation heat recovery (MVHR), is an energy recovery ventilation system using equipment known as a heat recovery ventilator, heat exchanger, air exchanger, or air-to-air heat exchanger which employs a cross flow or counter-flow heat exchanger.

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Shutters control and improve air flow in a single direction and are used to direct air flow to building inlets and exhaust fans.

 Air Vent (Automatic Air Venting)

When liquid is pumped through the system at startup, the initial air inside the piping is pushed into the air vent by the pressure of the flow. The float remains in the lower part of the air vent, allowing the valve to remain open and continuously discharge air.

After the initial air venting, liquid flows into the air vent. The float rises with the rising liquid and closes the valve.

If air enters the air vent while it is closed, the liquid level drops and the float lowers, allowing the valve to open and discharge air once more.

 alternative refrigerants

Alternative refrigerants

Gold Coast, Chicago, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates servicing, service repair and installation carrier, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company, Alternative refrigerants for appliances include ammonia, carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons, liquid carbon dioxide, liquid nitrogen, ice slurries, absorption systems, secondary loop systems using synthetic gases and natural primary refrigerants, distributed systems and desiccant systems.

 The alternatives that have been the most readily available for refrigeration and air-conditioning use are the hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs). HFCs however are Synthetic Greenhouse Gases (SGGs) and internationally there are moves to phase these out. When this happens, these gases may not be available in the future. Avondale, Chicago, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates cleaning service repair and installation day and night, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

It is possible to retrofit existing equipment and a range of non ozone-depleting HFCs is available. These are suitable for use in retrofitting existing equipment. You need to make sure that the retrofit gas will be compatible with the system. Often you will need at least some new components and/or lubricants in the existing equipment. Old Town, Chicago, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail heating and air conditioning free estimates trouble shooting service repair and installation Comfortmaker, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac company 

 We encourage you to think about energy efficiency and human safety, when you are looking at changing to alternatives or replacing appliances.

 The cost of changing to alternatives will depend if you are retrofitting or only changing oil/components or the entire unit, the size of the unit and the alternative you are changing to.

 You should also take into account that you may use less energy/power with some alternative refrigerants, compared to others.

In a computing context, ambient temperature is the air temperature of any environment where computers and related equipment are kept. The adjective ambient means "relating to the immediate surrounds.

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The heat anticipator is an electrical resistor device mounted in the center of many mechanical thermostats that fine tunes the point at which the thermostat turns off the furnace burners.

what is approach temperature

This term refers to the temperature difference between the leaving process fluid and the entering service fluid. If air is cooled from 300 F to 100 F using 90 F cooling water, the air temperature approaches the water by 10 F (100 – 90 = 10). Such a heat exchanger is said to have a “10 F approach temperature.”Humboldt Park, Chicago, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates installations, service repair and installation Gibson, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

A. Atomizing humidifiers like the Carel humiFog systems utilize a high pressure (1,000 psi) pumping system to pressurize treated water and pump it to atomizing nozzles. The nozzles then reduce the water jet into a very fine water droplet (10-20 microns)

 what is automatic control

Automatic control is the application of control theory for regulation of processes without direct human intervention. 

what is automatic combination valve West Town, Chicago, IL ac hvac heating rooftop units residentail and commercail  and air conditioning free estimates air conditioning service repair and installation Goodman, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

A combination valve provides everything you need to balance your brake system in one compact unit. Combination valves include a metering valve for disc / drum systems and a proportioning valve plus a pressure differential switch. We also have combination valves for disc / disc systems without the metering valve .

what is an automatic control

Automatic control is the application of control theory for regulation of processes without direct human intervention.

what is an automatic defrost Near North Side, Chicago, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates  heating service repair and installation Heil, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

Auto-defrost, automatic defrost or self-defrosting is a technique which regularly defrosts the evaporator in a refrigerator or freezer. Appliances using this technique are often called frost free, frostless or no-frost.

what is an automatic expansion valve

The automatic expansion valve (AXV or AEV) is an expansion device that meters the refrigerant to the evaporator by using a pressure-sensing device. The AXV maintains a constant pressure in the evaporator. Wicker Park, Chicago, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates  furnace service repair and installation Lennox, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

what is an automatic pump down system

The cycle will also prevent slugging of liquid refrigerant or oil caused from a severe migration problem and at cycle start-ups. The automatic pumpdown system consists of a normally closed liquid-line solenoid valve installed in the liquid line of a refrigeration system.

what is an auxiliary drain pan

Auxiliary pans are typically provided where an evaporator coil is located in an attic or anywhere above finished living space. These are only used when failure of the main drain pan will damage the house. This is a secondary pan, provided because the primary drain will eventually leak. Ravenswood, Chicago, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates  cooling service repair and installation luxaire, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

This pan should be checked for rust, dirt accumulation, blocked drain line, improper slope and poor attachment.

The auxiliary drain should have a separate drain line from the pan that is not manifolded with the line from the primary pan. A clog in one condensate drain line should not render both pans ineffective. There should be no trap in the auxiliary drain line, which is typically 3/4-inch diameter. The drain should terminate in a spot where discharge will be noticed, since it is an emergency overflow. Over the front door is good. Oak Park, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates experts, service repair and installation Maytag, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

Some drain pans have a float switch that will shut off the system if the water level rises too high, instead of an auxiliary pan. This switch may shut off just the compressor or the compressor and the blower. This switch can be tested by holding it up for roughly five minutes to see whether the unit shuts off. In some cases the whole system shuts down. In some cases only the compressor and condenser fan shut down. River West, Chicago, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates professionals, service repair and installation NuTone, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

schrader valves

Schrader’s air conditioning filling valves are primarily used for loading vehicle air conditioning circuits with gas, and during service to purge the circuits before refilling. Schrader’s valves are compatible with a wide range of air conditioning couplers. The product consists of a valve stem, valve core, and plastic cap. Several valve body versions are available, including aluminum, steel, saddle, bore, and banjo. Additionally, several rubber types for the core seals are available, including CR, FPM, EPDM, and HNBR. Schrader air conditioning valves are compatible with 134a, 1234yf, and CO2 gases. River North, Chicago, IL ac hvac rooftop units residentail and commercail  heating and air conditioning free estimates specailists, service repair and installation Payne, azrikam the price is right heating and air conditioning ac hvac  company

BULLET PIERCING VALVE

Features/Benefits

A sealing force of over 180 inch lbs., torque tested with 450 lbs. pressure tested at 250°F

Patented valve gasket provides 50 times more sealing area than competitive 'O' ring types

Corrosion resistant

Piercing needle is engineered for concentricity and hardness to insure perfect seating every time

500 PSI Maximum pressure

Non-positional mounting, no adapter valve required

Requires only 2" clearance for installation and operation

Hex key wrench included.